Effect of Individualized Ocular Refraction Customization Spectacle Lens Wear on Visual Performance in Myopic Chinese Children ABSTRACT PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the visual performance of myopic children wearing individualized ocular refraction customization (IORC) lenses with different amounts of myopic defocus (MD) to determine whether higher MD resulted in greater visual compromise. METHODS: 184…
Efficacy of In-Office Treatments for Dentin Hypersensitivity Study Details This clinical trial evaluated in-office treatments for dentin hypersensitivity (DH) using different desensitizers: fluoride varnish (Duraphat), bioactive ceramic solution (Biosilicate), universal self-etching adhesive (Single Bond Universal), and bioactive photoactivated varnish (PRG filler). Findings The study found that all desensitizers tested were able to reduce initial sensitivity.…
Implementing Active Learning for Caries Detection: A Practical Economic Evaluation Key Findings: This trial-based economic evaluation aimed to estimate the incremental cost of implementing an active learning strategy (theoretical-practical workshop) to substitute the didactic lecture as the sole method for students training in caries detection. The incremental cost estimated for the workshop implementation would be…
Long-term Impact of Weight-related Discussions on Children’s Well-being Study Overview Parents’ perspectives on discussing weight-related issues with children after obesity treatment were explored in a qualitative study as part of the More and Less study. This study is a 4-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of a parental support program in…
The Effect of Mandala Coloring on Happiness in Veterans with PTSD during Covid-19 Pandemic Key Findings Art-making, particularly mandala coloring, showed significant improvement in happiness scores among male veterans with PTSD compared to free coloring. Practical Solutions Integrating art therapy, such as mandala coloring, into conventional treatments for veterans with PTSD can enhance their overall…
Study Protocol for the MIND-PD Study A Randomized Controlled Trial to Investigate Clinical and Biological Effects of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in People with Parkinson’s Disease Background: People with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are highly sensitive to stress, which can exacerbate neuropsychiatric and motor symptoms. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have shown promise in reducing stress, depression, and anxiety…
Ketamine vs Electroconvulsive Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial ABSTRACT The ELEKT-D trial demonstrated that intravenous ketamine was noninferior to ECT for nonpsychotic TRD. This secondary analysis aimed to identify clinical features guiding the selection of ketamine vs ECT. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES The study found that outpatients with…
Osteoporotic Precise Screening Using Chest Radiography and Artificial Neural Network: The OPSCAN Randomized Controlled Trial Radiology. 2024 Jun;311(3):e231937. doi: 10.1148/radiol.231937. Background: Diagnosing osteoporosis is difficult as it often shows no symptoms, so it’s crucial to screen high-risk populations. Purpose: This study assessed the effectiveness of using chest radiographs and an AI model to identify high-risk…
Novel Autologous Dendritic Cell Therapy AVT001 for Type 1 Diabetes Key Findings AVT001, a dendritic cell therapy, showed potential efficacy and safety in a phase 1/2 trial for individuals with type 1 diabetes. Practical Solutions and Value AVT001 demonstrated no dose-limiting adverse events and suggested potential effectiveness in maintaining C-peptide levels. These findings indicate the…
Efficacy of Highly Bioavailable Oral Curcumin in Asymptomatic or Mild COVID-19 Patients: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial Introduction Curcumin, known for its anti-inflammatory properties, has the potential to inhibit disease progression in COVID-19 patients. A highly absorbable form of curcumin, curcuRouge® (cR), was developed, and its effect on asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic COVID-19 patients was…
Feasibility of Robotic-Assisted Surgery in Advanced Rectal Cancer: VITRUVIANO Trial Key Findings The study assessed the outcomes of robotic surgery in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. The results highlighted the feasibility of robotic-assisted surgery when strict surgeon experience criteria are met. Practical Solutions The study emphasized the importance of surgeon experience, with a criterion…
Internet and Telephone Support for Discontinuing Long-Term Antidepressants: The REDUCE Cluster Randomized Trial ABSTRACT There is concern about long-term antidepressant treatment, and this trial aimed to assess the safety and effectiveness of adding internet and telephone support to a family practitioner review for considering discontinuing long-term antidepressant treatment. Participants were adults receiving antidepressants for more…
Comparing Treatments for Macular Edema Secondary to Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion Background Macular edema (ME) is a common complication following branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and is a major cause of visual impairment. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of three treatments for ME secondary to BRVO: intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) monotherapy, dexamethasone…
Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Neurocognitive Function in Postmenopausal Women with Breast Cancer Key Findings: Six months of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise improved processing speed, learning and memory, and working memory in postmenopausal women with breast cancer who were receiving endocrine therapy. Practical Solutions: Initiating aerobic exercise within two years of completing primary therapy (surgery +/-…
Phase II Study on Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in Japan Key Points: – The study aims to improve outcomes for patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) by addressing recurrence and complications such as central diabetes insipidus and neurodegenerative diseases. – Dexamethasone is being tested to suppress LCH-associated inflammation, particularly in the central nervous system, while intrathecal…
Comparing the Effectiveness of Text-Message Reminders and Patient Navigation for Bowel Cancer Screening Introduction Participation in bowel cancer screening is lower in diverse and deprived regions. Text message reminders and patient navigation can help increase participation. This study aims to compare their effectiveness and cost-effectiveness. Methods and Analysis A three-arm randomised controlled trial will compare…
Comparison of the Effect of Two Recruitment Manoeuvres to Conventional Ventilation on Lung Atelectasis in Paediatric Laparoscopic Surgery: A Prospective Randomised Controlled Trial Background Paediatric laparoscopic surgeries often result in pulmonary atelectasis. This study aimed to compare the use of recruitment manoeuvres or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) to conventional ventilation in preventing atelectasis. Objective…
Association of Demographics, Lumbar Range of Motion, and Disability in Chronic Low Back: Baseline Data Analysis BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2024 Jun 22;25(1):489. doi: 10.1186/s12891-024-07613-9. Background: Low back pain (LBP) poses a substantial burden on low and middle-income countries like Pakistan. This study aimed to explore the relationship between demographic factors, lumbar range of motion, and…
Comparison of Endoscopic versus Focused Parathyroidectomy in Surgical Management of Single-Gland Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Randomized Clinical Trial Key Findings: The success rate for endoscopic parathyroidectomy was 95.3% compared to 77.1% for focused parathyroidectomy within the first five minutes. Postoperative calcium levels were significantly lower in the focused parathyroidectomy group. The focused parathyroidectomy method had a…
DISCOVER Trial: Automated Feedback for Internet-Based Depression Screening Background Many people with depression go undiagnosed and untreated despite effective treatments being available. We wanted to see if providing automated feedback after internet-based depression screening could help reach and provide evidence-based care for these individuals. Methods The DISCOVER trial was conducted in Germany and involved individuals…