Diagnosing Solid Lesions in the Pancreas With Multimodal Artificial Intelligence: A Randomized Crossover Trial Summary Artificial intelligence (AI) can help diagnose solid lesions in the pancreas from endoscopic ultrasonographic (EUS) images. This study developed a multimodal AI model integrating clinical information and EUS images to improve diagnosis. Key Findings The joint-AI model showed high performance…
Effects of Low-Dose Ketamine Infusion on Hopelessness and Suicidal Thoughts Background Low-dose ketamine infusion has been shown to reduce suicidal thoughts in patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and strong suicidal ideation. However, its effects on hopelessness have been less studied. Methods 84 patients with TRD and strong suicidal ideation were randomly assigned to receive a…
High Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy vs Non-Invasive Ventilation for COPD Key Findings A clinical trial compared high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) with non-invasive ventilation (NIV) for COPD patients with acute-moderate hypercapnic respiratory failure. The trial found that HFNC was not shown to be non-inferior to NIV and resulted in a higher incidence of…
Effect of Music Therapy Combined with Aerobic Exercise on Sleep Quality among Breast Cancer Patients BMC Womens Health. 2024 Jul 18;24(1):408 Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of music therapy combined with aerobic exercise on the sleep quality of breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy after a radical mastectomy. Methods: A randomized controlled trial…
Community Case Detection Tool for Mental Health Care in Ugandan Refugee Settlements: Clinical Trial Results Background Strategies to promote mental health care help-seeking among children are crucial, especially in low-income and complex settings. This trial aimed to compare a proactive case detection tool (CCDT) against standard awareness raising for promoting mental health help-seeking among children…
Assessing the Clinical Effectiveness of Exergame-Based Exercise Training Program Using Ring Fit Adventure for Older Adults in Long-Term Care Facilities Background Frailty and sarcopenia are common among older adults in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) and can lead to health issues. Implementing exercise programs in LTCFs, especially in rural areas, can be challenging due to staff…
Ritlecitinib: A Breakthrough in Vitiligo Treatment Published in Arch Dermatol Res, a clinical trial showed that ritlecitinib, an oral JAK3/TEC family kinase inhibitor, significantly stabilized active lesions and repigmented stable lesions in patients with non-segmental vitiligo. Key Findings: Ritlecitinib 50 mg demonstrated significant stabilization of depigmentation extent in both active and stable lesions compared to…
Emollient application from birth to prevent eczema in high-risk children: the BEEP RCT Practical Solutions and Value Highlights Atopic eczema is a common childhood skin problem connected with asthma and allergies, affecting quality of life. The study aimed to determine if advising parents to apply daily emollients in the first year can prevent eczema and…
The effects of regular home delivery of HIV self-testing and follow-up counselling on HIV testing and prevention outcomes in men who have sex with men who test infrequently in the United States: a pragmatic, virtual randomized controlled trial J Int AIDS Soc. 2024 Jul;27(7):e26318. doi: 10.1002/jia2.26318. INTRODUCTION: Research has shown that HIV self-testing (HIVST) can…
The Role of Vitamin D in Management of Oral Lichen Planus Background and Objectives Oral lichen planus (OLP) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease affecting the oral mucosa. Vitamin D (VD) has been studied for its potential immune-modulatory and anti-inflammatory effects in managing OLP. This study aimed to investigate the role of VD in the management…
The Effect of USM-IAM-based Counselling vs Standard Counselling on Insulin Adherence, FBS, and HbA1c among Patients with Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM): A Randomised Controlled Trial Abstract Many patients with T2DM on insulin struggle with control despite standard counselling. To address poor insulin adherence, we developed and assessed a new counselling module, USM-IAM, for…
Effectiveness of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy on Functional Ability in Grade IV Knee Osteoarthritis Summary Extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is a non-invasive treatment for knee osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to assess the effects of ESWT on functional ability in grade IV KOA patients. The trial showed that adding ESWT to conventional physiotherapy (CPT) significantly…
Reliability of Impedance Spectroscopy in Occlusal Caries Detection Key Findings: The study compared the performance of alternating current impedance spectroscopy (ACIST) with digital radiograph (DR) and ICDAS-II in detecting occlusal carious lesions. Results showed excellent agreement in the different groups, with ACIST proving to be a reliable tool for detecting occlusal caries in dentin. Visual-tactile…
ObiVas Study Overview Introduction ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a condition where relapses can lead to severe organ damage, necessitating prolonged immunosuppressive therapy. Rituximab, the current standard of care, may not always be effective and is linked to a high relapse risk. Obinutuzumab is a potential alternative with the ability to achieve better tissue B cell…
Altered States of Consciousness Caused by Mindfulness-Based Programme: Results from a Randomised Controlled Trial Background Mindfulness-based programmes (MBPs) have shown positive effects on mental health. There is evidence that MBPs may also lead to significant changes in waking consciousness. This study aimed to explore the causal role of MBPs in different types of altered states…
Opioid-sparing Effect of Erector Spinae Plane Block and Intravenous Dexmedetomidine for Obese Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Randomized Controlled Trial Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and intravenous (IV) dexmedetomidine in reducing opioid consumption after bariatric surgery and their effects on post-operative recovery, pain relief, and…
Key Findings from Clinical Trial Practical Solutions for Chronic Low Back Pain Management Participants with opioid-treated chronic low back pain (CLBP) reported various pain management strategies as helpful. Medication, physical activity, and stretching remained stable over time. However, passive management strategies like body position and thermal application declined, while psychological strategies showed increased usage. Value…
Community Health Worker-Led Household Screening and Management of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia in Rural Bangladesh: A Cluster Randomized Control Trial Protocol Abstract Background: In low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) like Bangladesh, many newborns with hyperbilirubinemia do not receive timely treatment, resulting in a significant impact on neurologic health and mortality. This trial aims to assess the effectiveness…
Low Dose Morphine for Dyspnea in Acute Respiratory Failure: OpiDys Trial Practical Solutions and Value Morphine is commonly used to alleviate dyspnea, but its effectiveness in ICU patients with acute respiratory failure was uncertain. The OpiDys trial aimed to assess the benefits and risks of low-dose morphine in this specific patient population. Patients with severe…
Pneumatic Retinopexy for Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment: Real-World Outcomes Key Findings: 84.3% of patients achieved primary anatomic reattachment 100% of patients achieved final anatomical reattachment after pars plana vitrectomy Best corrected visual acuity improved significantly after surgery Main cause of failure was related to missed retinal breaks Mean NEI-VFQ 25 composite score was 93.9% at…