Safety profile

Guselkumab Efficacy in Psoriasis: Key Findings from VOYAGE Studies Background The VOYAGE 1 and VOYAGE 2 studies showed that guselkumab is effective and safe for treating moderate-to-severe psoriasis for up to 5 years. This analysis looked at how effective guselkumab is based on the severity of the disease and previous treatments. Methods Patients were divided into groups to receive either guselkumab, a placebo, or adalimumab, with some switching to guselkumab later. All patients received guselkumab for a total of 252 weeks. The study evaluated treatment responses based on different severity levels and treatment histories. Results Across all time points from… ➡️➡️➡️

Alzheimer Disease Blood Biomarkers and Cognition Among Individuals With Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity Study Overview This study explores how blood-based biomarkers (BBMs) relate to cognitive health in older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. These biomarkers can help diagnose Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD). Study Goals The main aim was to look at how initial BBM levels and their changes over time affect cognition in people with T2D and obesity. Study Design The research was part of the Look AHEAD study, which involved older adults with T2D and obesity. Participants were randomly assigned to either… ➡️➡️➡️

Shock Wave Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction: Key Findings and Practical Solutions Background Recent studies show that low-intensity shock wave therapy (LI-ESWT) is effective for treating erectile dysfunction, but challenges exist in reviewing these studies systematically. Aim This study aims to confirm the effectiveness of LI-ESWT and identify the best method for assessing erectile dysfunction in clinical settings. Methods Twenty-one participants with vasculogenic erectile dysfunction were randomly assigned to receive either LI-ESWT or a placebo. Evaluations were conducted using: The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) A new visual scale called the Visual Erection Hardness Score (V-EHS) Standardized penile Doppler ultrasound… ➡️➡️➡️

Laser Therapy vs. EGF Injection for Jaw Pain: A Clinical Trial Objective The goal of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Piano level laser therapy and epidermal growth factor (EGF) injection in relieving pain and improving function and quality of life for patients with myogenic temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Study Design We conducted a randomized clinical trial with 29 patients suffering from chronic myogenic TMD. – **Group I:** 13 patients received Nd-YAG laser treatment (4 sessions, once a week). – **Group II:** 14 patients received EGF injections. We measured pain, jaw movement, and quality of life at various time… ➡️➡️➡️

Supporting Older People with Cognitive Impairment During and After Hospital Stays Background The shift from hospital to primary care can negatively affect older adults with cognitive impairment. Objective This study aimed to evaluate if intersectoral care management could reduce hospital readmissions and improve daily functioning in these individuals. Study Design This was a longitudinal study conducted across three hospitals in Germany, involving 401 participants aged 70 and older with cognitive impairment. They were split into two groups: one receiving normal care and the other receiving intersectoral care management. Methods The study assessed hospital admissions and daily functioning after 3 and… ➡️➡️➡️

Physical Activity in People with Borderline Personality Disorder Study Overview This study focuses on how physical activity (PA) can help individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Current treatments like medication and therapy don’t always work effectively. This research aims to see if a PA program can improve symptoms and overall health in BPD patients. Study Goals Reduce symptoms of BPD. Increase levels of physical activity. Enhance both physical and mental health. Study Design The study, called PABORD, is a randomized controlled trial involving female outpatients aged 18-40 diagnosed with BPD. It includes: Intervention Group: 32 participants will follow a 12-week… ➡️➡️➡️

Intranasal Insulin Reduces Postoperative Delirium in Older Patients Study Overview This study explored how intranasal insulin affects older patients after joint replacement surgery. It aimed to see if this treatment could lower the chances and severity of postoperative delirium (POD) and improve insulin sensitivity markers. Key Findings Participants: 212 older patients (65 years and above) were involved. Groups: Patients were split into two groups—one received 40 IU of intranasal insulin, while the other received a placebo for 8 days. Results: Intranasal insulin reduced the incidence of delirium significantly (8.33% vs 23.23%) within 5 days after surgery. It also lowered the… ➡️➡️➡️

A Novel Description of Antithrombin Deficiency in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Objective Antithrombin (AT) helps reduce inflammation and blood clotting. We wanted to find out how common AT deficiency is in COVID-19 patients and if adding AT could help with blood clotting issues in these patients. Patients and Methods This study involved a randomized control trial. Patients with low AT levels (100%). Results A total of 531 patients were evaluated, but only 50 completed the study. Most patients (76%) had AT levels below 100%. The changes in blood clotting scores and hospital stays were similar across all groups. Mortality rates were… ➡️➡️➡️

Supporting Primary Care Clinicians in Alcohol Use Disorder Treatment Study Overview Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a major cause of preventable deaths in the U.S. Many people with unhealthy alcohol use do not receive proper treatment. This study aims to see if additional support for primary care providers (PCPs) can improve treatment engagement for patients with AUD. Study Design We are conducting a randomized trial with four groups of PCPs from an urban hospital clinic: Group 1: EHR best practice advisory and decision support for alcohol use. Group 2: EHR advisory plus support from a population health manager. Group 3:… ➡️➡️➡️

Oral Lactoferrin for Treating Anemia in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease Study Overview Anemia in children often arises from chronic kidney disease (CKD), negatively impacting their health and well-being. Traditional treatments, like injectable iron, come with several side effects. Trial Details This clinical trial aimed to compare the effectiveness of oral lactoferrin versus intravenous (IV) iron dextran in treating CKD-related anemia in children. The study involved 60 children diagnosed with this condition, divided into two groups: Group 1: 30 children received 100 mg of oral lactoferrin daily for 3 months. Group 2: 30 children received 50 mg of IV iron… ➡️➡️➡️

Isatuximab, Bortezomib, Lenalidomide, and Limited Dexamethasone in Multiple Myeloma Treatment Overview of the Study This study explored the safety and effectiveness of isatuximab, bortezomib, lenalidomide, and limited dexamethasone for older patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who are not eligible for stem cell transplants. Study Details Conducted between June 2021 and January 2023, the trial involved 51 participants (53% women, median age 77). Most patients remained on treatment, with 39 completing 18 cycles. Results Complete Response: 37% of patients achieved a measurable improvement in their condition. Progression Rate: 35% of participants experienced disease progression or death. Adverse Events: Notable side… ➡️➡️➡️

Aficamten vs Metoprolol for Obstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: MAPLE-HCM Overview Study Background Beta-blockers and certain calcium-channel blockers are the usual treatments for patients with symptomatic obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (oHCM). However, these medications do not address the root cause of the disease. Cardiac myosin inhibitors, like aficamten, work differently by reducing excessive heart muscle contractions. They have shown promise in improving exercise ability and relieving symptoms when used alongside standard treatments. Study Purpose The ongoing MAPLE-HCM study aims to compare aficamten with metoprolol, evaluating aficamten as a potential first-line treatment for newly diagnosed oHCM patients and as a standalone option for those… ➡️➡️➡️

An Incognito Standardized Patient Approach for Measuring and Reducing Intersectional Healthcare Stigma Study Overview This study focused on how stigma affects healthcare access for people living with HIV (PLWH) and men who have sex with men (MSM). We tested a training program for healthcare providers aimed at reducing this stigma. Study Setting The research took place in sexually transmitted disease clinics in Guangzhou, China. Methods Used We conducted a pilot cluster randomized control trial to see how effective the training was. Initially, we sent incognito standardized patients (SPs) to visit doctors and present specific cases. By changing the HIV status… ➡️➡️➡️

Metaverse Clinic for Pregnant Women With Subclinical Hypothyroidism Study Overview This study explores the use of a metaverse platform to help pregnant women with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), a common thyroid issue that can lead to problems during pregnancy. Study Purpose The goal is to check if the metaverse can safely and effectively manage SCH in pregnant women. Study Method Conducted at Fujian Provincial Hospital in China from July 2022 to December 2023, the study involved 60 pregnant women with SCH, split into two groups: Standard Group: 30 women received standard treatment. Metaverse Group: 30 women received standard treatment plus access… ➡️➡️➡️

Structure-Function Relationships in Geographic Atrophy Study Overview This study explores how retinal structure relates to visual function in geographic atrophy (GA). We focus on the connection between areas of vision loss (scotomas) and specific retinal features, particularly: Choroidal hypertransmission: A key sign of complete retinal pigment epithelium and outer retinal atrophy. Fundus autofluorescence (FAF): A method used to define GA. Methods Used We conducted a phase II trial using mesopic microperimetry and various imaging techniques over time. We analyzed: Horizontal and vertical scans from optical coherence tomography (OCT). Grading of FAF images for GA. We measured how closely the areas… ➡️➡️➡️

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes After Nitric Oxide During Cardiopulmonary Bypass for Open Heart Surgery Study Overview This study looked at how adding nitric oxide (NO) during heart surgery affects the brain development of infants with congenital heart defects. The goal was to see if NO could help reduce inflammation and improve recovery. Key Details Participants: 1364 infants under 2 years old who had open heart surgery. Groups: One group received NO during surgery, while the other received standard care. Follow-Up: 12 months after surgery to assess development and quality of life. Main Findings After 12 months, there was no significant difference in… ➡️➡️➡️

Cognitive Processing Therapy for PTSD in Japan Overview Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) is a proven treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study focuses on its effectiveness in Japan, where such evidence is limited. Study Purpose The goal was to determine if CPT effectively treats PTSD in outpatient settings in Japan. Study Design This randomized clinical trial lasted 16 weeks and included participants from a national psychiatric hospital in Tokyo. It compared CPT combined with standard treatment (CPT-TAU) to a waiting list with standard treatment (WL-TAU) from April 2016 to December 2022. Participants The study involved 60 adult patients with… ➡️➡️➡️

Neuroimaging Predictors of Successful Shunting in Hakim-Adams Syndrome Study Overview This study explores the effectiveness of cerebrospinal fluid shunting for patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. Over 15% of patients do not see improvement after surgery, prompting investigation into MRI predictors for better outcomes. Objective The goal was to compare a new MRI assessment model with traditional methods (like spinal taps) to see which better predicts surgical success. Methods We analyzed MRI data and postoperative results from patients who underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunting between September 2022 and April 2024. One group used MRI for surgical decisions, while the control group relied… ➡️➡️➡️

Effectiveness of Combined Therapy for Alcohol Use Disorder Study Overview This study explores how combining Attention Bias Modification (ABM) with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) can help reduce relapse risk and cravings in men with Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). Background AUD involves strong dependence on alcohol and difficulty controlling impulses. ABM helps individuals focus less on alcohol-related triggers. This research aims to see if ABM, when paired with CBT, can further decrease cravings and relapse chances. Study Method In this trial, male patients with AUD were split into two groups: Intervention Group: Received ABM along with CBT. Control Group: Received only… ➡️➡️➡️

Comparison of Vitagnus, Soy, and Vitagnus-Soy Capsules for Premenstrual Syndrome Background Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) affects many women and can lower their quality of life. This study looked at how effective Vitagnus, soy, and a combination of both are in treating PMS among university students. Methods This study was a triple-blind clinical trial involving 108 students with PMS at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences from September 2022 to October 2023. Participants with moderate to severe PMS were randomly divided into three groups: Vitagnus group: 36 participants Soy group: 36 participants Vitagnus-Soy combination group: 36 participants Each participant took one capsule daily… ➡️➡️➡️