Efficacy

Study Protocol: Mental Health Resiliency Intervention for Nurses Background Nurses face high risks of depression, anxiety, burnout, and suicidal ideation, with suicide rates higher than the general population. This trial aims to reduce these risks and improve mental well-being through a combined cognitive-behavioral skills building program and the Modified Interactive Screening Program (mISP). Aims The study aims to determine the effects of the combined program versus mISP alone on various mental health and lifestyle factors in 364 U.S. nurses. Methods A digitized version of the program combined with the mISP screening will be compared to mISP alone through a two-arm… ➡️➡️➡️

The Effects of Art Therapy and Psychosocial Skills Training on Symptoms and Social Functioning in Patients with Schizophrenia and Their Relatives Objective The study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of art therapy and psychosocial skills training (PSST) in the treatment of schizophrenia. Methods A total of 15 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and 12 patient relatives were included. Participants were divided into two groups, with one undergoing art therapy and the other PSST. Sessions were conducted once a week for 17 weeks, focusing on positive and negative symptoms, social functioning, and depression and anxiety levels. Results Both groups showed… ➡️➡️➡️

Results of Multicenter Study on Dementia Nursing Practice Skills Purpose and Methods The study compared the effectiveness of a person-centered care program and a dementia-type-specific program for nurses in acute-care hospitals across seven locations. The research was conducted from July 2021 to January 2022. Key Findings A total of 158 participants were included, with significant improvements observed in both groups. The intervention group showed higher expertise and confidence in nursing older people with dementia, as well as increased knowledge of dementia and a greater sense of dignity on the ethical sensitivity scale. The control group also demonstrated significant improvements in… ➡️➡️➡️

Efficacy of Yoga Intervention for Asthma Patients Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial A study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a structured yoga intervention integrated with routine care for asthma patients in improving their pulmonary function and quality of life. The study involved adults aged 18 to 60 with mild to moderate asthma. The yoga intervention, delivered by a qualified instructor through a virtual platform, consisted of daily thirty-minute sessions. Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and quality of life were measured using questionnaires and Breath-o-meter equipment at various time points. The results showed that the yoga group experienced… ➡️➡️➡️

Study on Fosaprepitant for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting Practical Solutions and Value: Two doses of fosaprepitant were studied for preventing nausea and vomiting caused by three-day cisplatin-based chemotherapy in lung cancer patients. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness and safety of using two doses of fosaprepitant for this purpose. The study involved 204 participants from nine hospitals, and it was found that the two doses of fosaprepitant were not only safe but also more effective in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting compared to using one dose. The patients who received two doses of fosaprepitant had significantly more days without… ➡️➡️➡️

Functional Changes in Sleep-Related Arousal After Ketamine Administration Study Details The study examined the effects of ketamine on sleep and mood in individuals with treatment-resistant depression. Research Objectives The aim was to compare sleep metrics between individuals with treatment-resistant major depression (TRD) and healthy volunteers, and to assess whether ketamine normalizes arousal in TRD. Additionally, the study sought to determine if ketamine’s effects on arousal relate to its antidepressant and anti-suicidal ideation (SI) effects. Method This secondary analysis was part of a biomarker-focused, randomized, double-blind, crossover trial of ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) compared to saline placebo. Polysomnography (PSG) studies were conducted… ➡️➡️➡️

Effects of the “AI-TA” Mobile App on Psychological Symptoms of Young Breast Cancer Survivors Background Young breast cancer survivors often experience psychological challenges, impacting their quality of life. Mobile apps have shown potential as interventions, but their effectiveness varies. There is a lack of evidence on the impact of intelligent app features on addressing psychological distress. Objective This study evaluates the effectiveness of the “AI-TA” mobile app in improving psychological health and ongoing symptoms in young breast cancer survivors through a randomized controlled trial. Methods Women aged 18 to 45 with breast cancer were randomly assigned to use the “AI-TA”… ➡️➡️➡️

Service Dogs for Veterans and Military Members With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial Key Findings: Military members and veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may benefit from partnering with trained psychiatric service dogs. This study aimed to assess the impact of this intervention on PTSD symptom severity, depression, anxiety, and psychosocial functioning among veterans. Study Design: The trial involved 156 veterans with PTSD, with 81 in the intervention group and 75 in the control group. The intervention group received a psychiatric service dog for PTSD, while the control group remained on the waiting list for the same service.… ➡️➡️➡️

Study Title: The need for and acceptability of a cancer training course for medical and nursing students in Tanzania: a convergent mixed methods study Background The burden of cancer in Africa is increasing, and it is crucial to provide healthcare providers with proper training in cancer screening, prevention, care, and community education. This training can lead to improved patient care and reduced healthcare costs. Aim To assess the need and acceptability of a cancer training course for nursing and medical doctor students at the Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Methods A cross-sectional… ➡️➡️➡️

Hospital Policy of Tranexamic Acid to Reduce Transfusion in Major Non-cardiac Surgery (TRACTION): Protocol for a Phase IV Randomised Controlled Trial Abstract Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a widely available and affordable medication that reduces blood loss and red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in cardiac and orthopaedic surgeries. This trial aims to evaluate whether implementing a hospital-level policy of routine TXA use in major non-cardiac surgeries decreases RBC transfusion without increasing thrombotic risk. Methods and Analysis A pragmatic, blinded, cluster-crossover randomised controlled trial at 10 Canadian sites will assess the impact of intraoperative TXA administration in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgeries at… ➡️➡️➡️

Results of a Clinical Trial on Riamilovir for COVID-19 Treatment Published in Ter Arkh, June 2024 AIM: To assess the effectiveness and safety of riamilovir in treating COVID-19 in adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 180 adult patients with confirmed COVID-19 who met specific criteria and provided informed consent. RESULTS: The clinical trial confirmed the efficacy, good tolerability, and safety of riamilovir in treating COVID-19. CONCLUSION: The multicenter trial established the effectiveness of riamilovir at a daily dose of 1250 mg for 10 days in treating COVID-19. This dosage was found to be as safe as a placebo. Value:… ➡️➡️➡️

Pooled Analysis of NeoCARH and NeoCART Trials: Patient-Reported Outcomes in Early-Stage Breast Cancer Background Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a standard treatment for early-stage breast cancer (EBC) that is triple-negative or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive (HER2 +). However, there is limited data comparing the impact of anthracycline-based and platinum-based regimens on patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Study Methods This analysis included patients from two prospective randomized controlled trials, neoCARH and neoCART, who received either anthracycline-based or platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy. HRQoL was assessed using validated questionnaires at baseline, after chemotherapy, and at 1 and 2 years after diagnosis. Key… ➡️➡️➡️

Effectiveness of Topical Hyaluronic Acid in Treating Dry Skin in the Elderly Study Overview Dry skin is a common issue in the elderly, often due to reduced hyaluronic acid (HA) levels. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of low and high molecular weight HA in moisturizers for treating dry skin in aging individuals. Key Findings After four weeks of treatment, the area treated with low molecular weight HA showed significantly greater skin hydration compared to high molecular weight HA and a control lotion. No significant differences were found in other measured parameters, and no side effects were observed in… ➡️➡️➡️

One Spinal Manipulation Session for Chronic Low Back Pain Key Findings: – Spinal manipulation reduces lumbar pain sensitivity in chronic low back pain patients. – It does not affect postural stability compared to a sham session. – Both the actual and simulated manipulation led to clinically significant decreases in self-reported pain intensity. – A higher proportion of participants in the spinal manipulation group achieved clinically significant pain relief compared to the sham group. Practical Solutions and Value: Clinical guidelines recommend spinal manipulation for low back pain, and this study provides valuable insights into its immediate effects on pain sensitivity and… ➡️➡️➡️

Effectiveness of Couple Education and Counseling on Cervical Cancer Screening Uptake Key Findings Cervical cancer is a significant global health issue, particularly in developing countries, due to low screening rates and late-stage detection. This study aimed to assess the impact of couple education and counseling on women’s uptake of cervical cancer screening. The intervention involved home-based education and counseling for the intervention group, leading to a substantial increase in awareness of cervical cancer and screening, improvement in knowledge scores, and a significant rise in screening uptake compared to the control group. Key highlights of the study: Awareness of cervical cancer… ➡️➡️➡️

Effect of Adding Diaphragmatic Breathing to Corrective Exercises for Postmenopausal Women with Kyphosis: Clinical Trial Results Overview Age-related thoracic kyphosis can impact posture, diaphragmatic function, and quality of life for postmenopausal women. Methods 40 postmenopausal women with thoracic kyphosis were split into two groups. Group A received corrective exercises for 12 weeks, while Group B received both diaphragmatic breathing exercises and corrective exercises for the same duration. Results Both groups showed significant improvement in posture, thoracic pain, and quality of life. Group B, however, showed significantly greater enhancement in diaphragmatic function compared to Group A. Conclusions A 12-week program of… ➡️➡️➡️

EFFECT OF LOW-LEVEL DIODE LASER ON DENTIN TOPOGRAPHY AND SYMPTOMATIC NONCARIOUS CERVICAL LESIONS PRIOR TO COMPOSITE RESTORATIONS: A SPLIT-MOUTH RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL Summary: This study examined the impact of low-level diode lasers on reducing sensitivity in symptomatic noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) before composite restoration. It focused on changes in dentin topography using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Key Findings: – Diode lasers with a wavelength of 660 nm showed the highest reduction in sensitivity, followed by 970 nm, whereas 445 nm diode lasers showed the least reduction. – Wavelengths of 660 nm and 970 nm reduced the width of the… ➡️➡️➡️

COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF ENOXAPARIN VERSUS ASPIRIN IN PREVENTING VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM Key Findings from the CRISTAL Trial The CRISTAL trial compared the costs and benefits of using enoxaparin versus aspirin to prevent symptomatic venous thromboembolism (VTE) after total hip or knee arthroplasty. The study found that: Enoxaparin was more effective in preventing symptomatic VTE within 90 days of surgery The incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained for enoxaparin was AUD$50,567 There is evidence that enoxaparin may be cost-effective compared to aspirin, especially if the value of avoiding VTE is high and there is a strong likelihood of VTE-related health impairments Practical… ➡️➡️➡️

Cost-effectiveness analysis of soft bandage and immediate discharge versus rigid immobilization in children with distal radius torus fractures Summary The study compared the cost-effectiveness of using a soft bandage and immediate discharge versus rigid immobilization in children aged four to 15 years with a torus fracture of the distal radius. The research aimed to evaluate the economic impact and health outcomes of these two treatment approaches. Key Findings The use of a soft bandage resulted in a significant cost reduction per patient, saving £12.55, while maintaining similar quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) compared to rigid immobilization. The study also revealed a… ➡️➡️➡️

Prospective Multicentre Evaluation of FUJIFILM SILVAMP TB LAM Test Key Findings A clinical trial evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the urine-based lipoarabinomannan assay FUJIFILM SILVAMP TB LAM (FujiLAM) for tuberculosis in people living with HIV across seven high-burden countries. Overall, the FujiLAM demonstrated a sensitivity of 54.4% and specificity of 85.2% against the extended mycobacterial reference standard (eMRS). However, there was significant variability in performance across different testing sites and lots used in the study. Practical Solutions While the current variability limits the clinical utility of FujiLAM, the lipoarabinomannan biomarker still shows promise for tuberculosis diagnostics, highlighting the need for… ➡️➡️➡️