Safety profile

Effect of Prostate Cancer Education on Saudi Men: Knowledge, Beliefs, and Screening Intentions Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2024 Jul 1;25(7):2439-2444. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2024.25.7.2439. Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to assess the impact of a prostate cancer educational program on the knowledge, beliefs, and screening intentions of Saudi men. Methods: The study used a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent control group. A total of 152 participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. Assessments were conducted at baseline and one month after the intervention. Data analysis was performed using independent samples t-tests. Results: Following the intervention, the intervention… ➡️➡️➡️

Mechanisms of Neurodynamic Treatments (MONET): Investigating Treatment for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Study Overview The MONET study aims to understand how neurodynamic exercise interventions affect nerve structure and function in individuals with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Study Design The study includes 78 CTS patients and 30 healthy participants. Patients are randomly assigned to a home-based exercise program, steroid injection, or advice group. Various outcome measures are used, including advanced magnetic resonance neuroimaging, sensory testing, electrodiagnostics, and patient-reported measures. Measures are evaluated at baseline, after a 6-week intervention, and at a 6-month follow-up. Statistical analyses will compare differences among groups and over… ➡️➡️➡️

Impact of Combined Prebiotic Galacto-Oligosaccharides and Bifidobacterium breve-Derived Postbiotic on Gut Microbiota and HbA1c in Prediabetic Adults: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study ABSTRACT The study examined the effects of a 12-week dietary fiber supplement on gut health and metabolic function in prediabetic adults. The supplement contained konjac glucomannan (KGM), galacto-oligosaccharides (GOSs), and exopolysaccharides (EPSs) from Bifidobacterium breve. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 53 prediabetic volunteers were assigned to either the supplement or a placebo for 12 weeks, followed by a 4-week follow-up. The intervention group showed improvements in gut microbiota composition, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG),… ➡️➡️➡️

Effects of Rehabilitative Exercise and Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on Muscle Morphology and Dynamic Balance in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability Summary Muscle atrophy due to chronic ankle instability (CAI) can lead to muscle weakness, altered movement patterns, and increased injury risk. This study investigated the effects of rehabilitative exercises and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on muscle morphology and dynamic balance in individuals with CAI. Key Findings Participants with CAI were divided into different groups and underwent a six-week intervention program. Significant improvements in muscle morphology and dynamic balance were observed in the intervention groups, suggesting that these programs may help… ➡️➡️➡️

Study of Two Sedative Protocols for Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy Practical Solutions and Value Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition with serious health impacts. While CPAP is the standard treatment, some patients cannot tolerate it. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) helps evaluate airway obstruction and plan surgical treatment. Our study compared two sedation protocols for DISE to improve its effectiveness. Materials and Methods We conducted the study in Bucharest, enrolling 31 patients who were randomly assigned to receive either propofol alone or a combination of remifentanil and propofol. Sedation was administered using target-controlled infusion, and we collected data on sedation… ➡️➡️➡️

Effect of Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercises on Mental Fatigue and Upper Extremity Functions Key Findings This study explored the impact of mental fatigue induced by motor imagery on upper limb function. It found that mental fatigue can lead to decreased elbow flexion strength, hand grip strength, and upper extremity endurance, while also increasing tactile sensitivity. Intervention Participants who underwent 12 sessions of diaphragmatic breathing exercises showed significant improvement in elbow flexion strength and grip strength affected by mental fatigue. Implications The study suggests that breathing exercises may help mitigate the effects of mental fatigue on upper extremity functions, highlighting the importance… ➡️➡️➡️

Aquatic Exercise and Type 2 Diabetes Study Overview A recent clinical trial compared the effects of aquatic and dry-land walking/running on blood glucose and plasma renin activity (PRA) in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The study found that both aquatic and dry-land sessions led to reductions in blood glucose levels, while only the aquatic session resulted in a significant decrease in PRA. Practical Implications Despite similar effects on blood glucose, aquatic walking/running showed a notable decrease in PRA among individuals with type 2 diabetes. This highlights the potential benefits of incorporating aquatic exercise into the management of type 2 diabetes.… ➡️➡️➡️

Study Title: Hippocampal Avoidance Whole-Brain Radiotherapy for Lung Cancer Brain Metastases Summary This study evaluated the effectiveness of a specific radiotherapy technique and cognitive testing in Chinese lung cancer patients with brain metastases. The results showed promising outcomes in terms of survival and cognitive function. Key Findings – The median survival for all patients was 14.8 months, with a progression-free survival of 6.7 months. – Male sex and newly diagnosed stage IV disease were associated with poorer survival outcomes. – The Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R) scores showed a decrease of approximately 9.8% at 6 months after radiotherapy compared to… ➡️➡️➡️

Study on Whitening Efficacy and Tooth Sensitivity of Hydrogen Peroxide Overview This study compared the effectiveness of using different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide gels with violet or blue LED light for teeth whitening and evaluated tooth sensitivity. Results Groups using higher concentration hydrogen peroxide with violet or blue LED showed better whitening results compared to the lower concentration groups. The lower concentration groups had reduced tooth sensitivity. Value Understanding which combinations of hydrogen peroxide and LED light provide the best whitening results while minimizing tooth sensitivity can guide clinical practice for teeth whitening procedures. AI-Driven Platform for Clinical Knowledge Practical… ➡️➡️➡️

Safety and Efficacy of High-Dose Inhaled Nitric Oxide for COVID-19 Viral Pneumonia Key Findings: • Intermittent 150-ppm iNO-treatment is well-tolerated, safe, and beneficial compared to usual care for spontaneously breathing hospitalised adults diagnosed with COVID-19 viral pneumonia. • Oxygen support duration was reduced by 2.7 days, a greater number of subjects reached oxygen saturation ≥ 93% within hospitalisation period, and a trend for earlier discharge was demonstrated. Practical Solutions and Value: Clinical trials are essential for developing safe and effective treatments. Our AI-driven platform, DocSym, consolidates ICD-11 standards, clinical protocols, and research into a single, easily accessible knowledge base for… ➡️➡️➡️

Feasibility of Home-Based Testing for Acute Respiratory Viruses Key Findings: DETECT-AHEAD trial showed early feasibility of a decentralized program to prompt individuals to use a viral pathogen diagnostic test based on symptoms tracked in the study app or physiological changes detected using a wearable sensor. Practical Solutions: Our study demonstrated the potential for home-based diagnostic self-testing for acute respiratory viral pathogens using wearable sensors and self-reported symptoms. This approach could enable early identification of infections, reducing transmission and allowing for earlier therapeutic intervention. Value: This trial offers valuable insights into the practical implementation of at-home testing for respiratory viruses, highlighting… ➡️➡️➡️

Phase 2 Study of NE3107 in Patients with Dementias Key Findings and Practical Solutions NE3107, an oral, anti-inflammatory, insulin-sensitizing molecule, showed positive effects in patients with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia. Practical Solutions: NE3107 was associated with improvements in cerebral blood flow and brain functional connectivity. Patients showed improvements in cognitive assessments, including ADAS-Cog11, Clinical Dementia Rating, Quick Dementia Rating Scale, Alzheimer’s Disease Composite Score, and Global Rating of Change. NE3107 demonstrated evidence of improvement in biomarkers associated with neuroinflammation and Alzheimer’s disease. Value: Our results support the potential of NE3107 in positively impacting neurophysiological and neuropsychological findings in… ➡️➡️➡️

ER-Targeted PET for Initial Staging and Suspected Recurrence in ER-Positive Breast Cancer JAMA Netw Open. 2024 Jul 1;7(7):e2423435. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.23435. Objective: To compare the detection rate of 16α-18F-fluoro-17β-estradiol (FES) positron emission tomography (PET) computed tomography (CT) with standard-of-care imaging (SOC) for staging locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) or evaluating suspected recurrence in ER-positive breast cancer. Design, Setting, and Participants: This diagnostic study conducted a single-center phase 2 trial from January 2021 to September 2023, including patients with ER-positive LABC or suspected recurrence. Exposure: Participants underwent both SOC imaging and experimental FES PET/CT. Suspected lesions were biopsied for histopathological reference standard.… ➡️➡️➡️

Factors predicting long-term outcomes following physiotherapy in patients with subacromial pain syndrome: a secondary analysis ABSTRACT Patients with shoulder complaints often undergo physiotherapy, but it’s unclear which factors predict long-term outcomes. This study aims to identify these factors to help patients make informed treatment decisions, avoid ineffective treatments, and minimize chronic pain risk. AIM This analysis aims to: 1) compare baseline differences between patients with and without successful long-term outcomes, 2) assess the predictive ability of different variables on outcomes, and 3) explore the contribution of short-term follow-up data to predictive models. METHODS The study analyzed differences between responders and… ➡️➡️➡️

Clinical Relevance of Combined Treatment with Exercise in Chronic Low Back Pain Study Summary Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a common health issue, and this study aimed to evaluate the impact of exercise alone or combined with manual therapy and kinesiotherapy on pain sensitivity, disability, kinesiophobia, self-efficacy, and catastrophizing in CLBP patients. Key Findings The study involved 55 participants grouped into exercise alone, exercise with manual therapy, and exercise with kinesiotape. All therapies showed significant improvements over 12 weeks, with the exercise and manual therapy group demonstrating the most significant changes in health-related functionality. Clinical Implications Manual therapy prior… ➡️➡️➡️

Study Title: Biomarker-guided Acute Kidney Injury Risk Assessment Highlights of the Study: • Addressed the need for preventative measures against acute kidney injury (AKI) in surgical patients. • Assessed the impact of intraoperative fluid management on AKI in female breast cancer patients undergoing autologous breast reconstruction. • Utilized novel urinary biomarkers (TIMP-2 and IGFBP-7) for early AKI detection. • Compared liberal and restrictive fluid management strategies in a prospective randomized controlled trial. • Showed that restrictive fluid resuscitation increases the risk of AKI in surgical patients. • Emphasized the importance of individualized hemodynamic management and urinary biomarkers in early AKI… ➡️➡️➡️

SomaLogic Proteomics Reveals New Biomarkers in NASH Key Findings from Clinical Trial Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) are metabolic diseases with no approved therapies. We conducted a Phase 2a trial (NCT03248882) with Clesacostat (PF-05221304), an acetyl coA carboxylase inhibitor (ACCi), in patients with NAFLD/NASH. Our SomaLogic serum proteome profiling identified potential biomarkers associated with baseline clinical measures of NAFLD/NASH and biomarkers of treatment response to ACCi. The study revealed a set of 69 analytes that robustly correlate with clinical measures of hepatic inflammation and steatosis, 27 of which were significantly reversed with ACC inhibition. Our data… ➡️➡️➡️

Stroke Risk Reduction in Atrial Fibrillation Through Pharmacist Prescribing: A Randomized Clinical Trial Key Findings: Pharmacist-led oral anticoagulation therapy (OAC) prescription significantly increased the delivery of stroke risk reduction therapy in individuals with atrial fibrillation (AF). Guideline-concordant OAC use at 3 months occurred in 92.3% of patients in the early intervention group vs 56.1% in the control group, with an absolute increase of 34% and number needed to treat of 3. Practical Solutions: Pharmacist-led OAC prescription presents a high-yield opportunity to effectively close gaps in the delivery of stroke risk reduction therapy for AF. Using AI-driven platforms like DocSym can… ➡️➡️➡️

Preoperative Promestriene for Hysteroscopy: A Randomized Clinical Trial Objective In hysteroscopy, complications like false passage creation and uterine perforation can lead to procedure suspension, causing delays in diagnosing uterine pathology. This study aimed to assess the impact of using promestriene for cervical preparation on complications in postmenopausal women undergoing surgical hysteroscopy. Methods A double-blind clinical trial involving 37 postmenopausal patients undergoing surgical hysteroscopy. Participants used promestriene or placebo vaginally daily for 2 weeks and then twice a week for another 2 weeks until surgery. Results Complications were observed in 14.3% of participants in the promestriene group and 17.4% in the… ➡️➡️➡️

Longitudinal Phospho-tau217 Predicts Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography in Asymptomatic Alzheimer’s Disease Practical Solutions and Value Highlights Value of Blood-based AD Biomarkers Blood-based AD biomarkers, such as plasma P-tau217, are increasingly used in clinical trials as a screening tool. Utility of Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay An electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunoassay was assessed for its ability to predict brain amyloid PET status in cognitively unimpaired individuals. Participant Information Both A4 and LEARN enrolled eligible cognitively unimpaired persons aged 65 to 85. The A4 Study included individuals with elevated amyloid PET levels, while the LEARN Study included those without elevated amyloid PET levels. Interventions Participants in… ➡️➡️➡️