Effectiveness of Fractional Erbium-YAG Laser, Microneedling, Platelet-Rich Plasma in Localized Stable Vitiligo Patients: Randomized Clinical Trial
ABSTRACT
Vitiligo is a challenging autoimmune disease to treat. This study compared the effects of fractional erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser-assisted delivery of platelet-rich plasma with microneedling (Mn) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in enhancing skin repigmentation in localized stable vitiligo patients.
40 patients were randomly assigned to two groups: one undergoing fractional Er:YAG laser with PRP and the other undergoing microneedling with PRP. The treatments were repeated every 2 weeks for 6 months, and the patients’ progress was assessed using the Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI).
The fractional Er:YAG + PRP group achieved better pigmentation (100%), with 30% rated as excellent, 15% as very good, 30% as good, and 25% as satisfactory. The microneedling + PRP group demonstrated repigmentation in 80% of cases, with 20% rated as very good, 10% as good, and 50% as mild. Both groups showed a statistically significant decrease in VASI scores after therapy compared to baseline (p = 0.001 for group A and 0.003 for group B).
The fractional Er:YAG laser therapy group experienced significantly fewer side effects (5%) compared to the microneedling group (25%) (p = 0.048). The study concluded that both therapies induced repigmentation, but fractional Er:YAG laser combined with platelet-rich plasma showed greater efficacy.
Clinical trials.gov identifier: NCT05511493.
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