Impact of a package of point-of-care diagnostic tests, a clinical diagnostic algorithm and adherence training on antibiotic prescriptions for the management of non-severe acute febrile illness in primary health facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic in Burkina Faso

Impact of Intervention Package on Antibiotic Prescriptions for Acute Febrile Illness

Study Overview

An intervention package including point-of-care diagnostic tests, a clinical algorithm, and adherence training was implemented in primary health facilities in Burkina Faso during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study aimed to assess the impact of this package on antibiotic prescriptions and clinical recovery for non-severe acute febrile illnesses.

Key Findings

The intervention led to a significant reduction in antibiotic prescriptions at Day 0, with 33.2% in the intervention arm compared to 58.1% under standard care. This reduction was particularly notable in children under 5 years, patients with non-malaria fever, and those with respiratory symptoms. Additionally, there was a significant decrease in non-adherence to prescriptions by patients.

Conclusion

The intervention resulted in substantial reductions in antibiotic prescriptions and non-adherence, especially among specific patient groups. Notably, the addition of COVID-19 testing did not significantly impact antibiotic use at primary health centers.

Practical Solutions and Value

Implementing the intervention package led to a tangible reduction in antibiotic prescriptions and improved adherence to treatment, particularly for vulnerable patient groups. This demonstrates the practical value of integrating point-of-care diagnostics and adherence training in primary health facilities.