Carrageenan and insulin resistance in humans: a randomised double-blind cross-over trial

Carrageenan and Insulin Resistance in Humans: A Clinical Trial Overview

Study Background

This study investigates the effects of carrageenan, a common food additive, on insulin resistance and inflammation in humans. While it is known to cause issues in animal studies, its impact on human health is not fully understood.

Study Design

A total of 20 male participants, aged around 27 years and with a normal body mass index (BMI), took part in this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial. They consumed either 250 mg of carrageenan or a placebo twice daily for two weeks. The main goal was to measure insulin sensitivity through various tests, including the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

Key Findings

  • Overall insulin sensitivity did not significantly differ between the carrageenan and placebo groups.
  • In overweight participants, carrageenan exposure led to lower insulin sensitivity and signs of increased brain inflammation.
  • Participants exposed to carrageenan showed higher levels of inflammatory markers and increased intestinal permeability.
  • Pro-inflammatory responses were observed in immune cells after carrageenan exposure.

Conclusions

The study suggests that carrageenan may worsen insulin resistance and inflammation, particularly in overweight individuals. More research is needed to understand the long-term health effects of carrageenan and similar food additives.

Clinical Implications

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