Efficacy of a Self-Guided Internet Intervention With Optional On-Demand Feedback Versus Digital Psychoeducation on Sleep Hygiene for University Students With Insomnia: Randomized Controlled Trial

Background

Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (iCBT-I) is a flexible treatment option. However, it takes up a lot of time and can include challenging parts like sleep restriction therapy. This raises questions about how effective it is compared to simpler options like sleep hygiene education.

Objective

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of self-guided iCBT-I with optional feedback to a single session of digital education on sleep hygiene for university students suffering from insomnia.

Methods

In this randomized controlled trial, 90 students with insomnia were split into two groups: one received the self-help iCBT-I program, and the other had a single session of digital sleep hygiene education. The iCBT-I program included six sessions covering psychoeducation, sleep restriction, and stimulus control, along with optional feedback from a coach. Assessments were done at the start, 8 weeks post-treatment, and again after 6 months to measure insomnia severity and other factors.

Results

At the 8-week mark, there was no significant difference in insomnia severity between the two groups. However, after 6 months, the iCBT-I group showed improved insomnia severity compared to the education group. Some of the secondary outcomes showed no major differences between groups. About 51% of participants in the iCBT-I group completed all six sessions.

Conclusions

In the short term, students may find low-intensity digital sleep hygiene education or iCBT-I helpful. Yet, iCBT-I seems to be more beneficial in the long run.

Implications for Healthcare

Based on the trial findings, healthcare providers can set clear and measurable goals to improve insomnia treatments for students. Options may include:

Offering low-intensity digital education on sleep hygiene.
Implementing iCBT-I as a longer-term strategy for better outcomes.

Next Steps for Implementation

Start with pilot projects to assess the effectiveness of these interventions. Utilize AI solutions that fit your clinical needs to track results and improve patient care based on research findings.