Malaria Prevalence and Transmission in Zakpota Sub-district
Baseline Characteristics for a Community Randomised Trial of a New Insecticide for Indoor Residual Spraying
Background: Malaria transmission in Benin is perennial and varies across regions. Understanding local malaria prevalence, transmission levels, and vector characteristics is crucial for designing and evaluating new vector control interventions. This study in Zakpota sub-district collected baseline data on household characteristics, malaria prevalence, vector characteristics, and transmission dynamics in preparation for a trial to evaluate the community impact of VECTRON T500, a new broflanilide indoor residual spraying (IRS) product.
Methods: The study tested 480 children under 5 years for malaria using rapid diagnostic tests and collected mosquitoes to assess vector density, composition, infectivity, and insecticide resistance markers. Bioassays were performed to detect vector susceptibility to different insecticides.
Results: The study found high malaria prevalence despite high insecticide-treated net usage. The vector population showed resistance to pyrethroids but susceptibility to broflanilide. The study also revealed variability in malaria transmission risk across villages, demonstrating the suitability of the study area for assessing VECTRON T500 in a community trial.
Conclusions: This study highlighted the high levels of malaria prevalence, vector density, and transmission in Zakpota sub-district, despite widespread use of insecticide-treated nets. The findings support the assessment of VECTRON T500 in a community randomised trial.
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