“`html
The Importance of Cognitive Training in Reducing Delirium in Cardiac Surgery Patients
Delirium is a common and serious complication in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, leading to longer hospital stays and increased risk of complications. Studies have shown a 2-3 times higher risk of mortality in these patients.
The Role of Cognitive Training
Cognitive training aims to improve cognitive function through exercises and activities. While effective in healthy individuals and those with cognitive impairments, its effectiveness in reducing delirium in cardiac surgery patients has not been extensively studied.
The Clinical Trial
A recent randomized clinical trial in JAMA investigated the effectiveness of cognitive training in reducing delirium in 377 patients aged 60 years or older scheduled for elective cardiac surgery.
The Cognitive Training Program
The study used a program specifically designed for cardiac surgery patients, consisting of 10 sessions conducted by trained therapists targeting memory, attention, and executive function, with education on delirium and prevention strategies.
The Results
The study showed a 47% reduction in the risk of delirium in the cognitive training group, with a shorter duration of delirium and hospital stay compared to the control group.
Possible Mechanisms of Action
Cognitive training may reduce the risk of delirium by improving cognitive reserve and brain plasticity, helping the brain withstand the stress of surgery and recover from its effects.
Implications for Clinical Practice
Cognitive training is a safe and non-invasive intervention that can be easily incorporated into preoperative care, potentially reducing the risk of delirium and improving patient outcomes.
Limitations and Future Directions
While promising, the study’s limitations include a small sample size and the need for further investigation into long-term effects on delirium prevention and cognitive function.
Conclusion
Cognitive training may be an effective intervention for reducing the risk of delirium in cardiac surgery patients, with potential for routine incorporation into clinical practice.
Key Takeaways
Delirium is common in cardiac surgery patients, and cognitive training showed promising results in reducing its risk.
“`
