Public Health

Public Health Overview

Background

Research shows that sex and gender influence Alzheimer’s and Dementia differently. Women are often diagnosed later than men, which poses challenges for healthcare and clinical trials due to potential gender biases in participant selection.

About the CITA GO-ON Trial

The CITA GO-ON study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04840030) is a randomized clinical trial designed to assess how a lifestyle intervention can prevent cognitive decline in older adults aged 60-85 who are at high risk for dementia. Participants are screened using specific tools to determine eligibility.

Methodology

Interested individuals can fill out an online form to pre-select themselves based on their dementia risk score. This helps identify those who will attend a face-to-face screening to confirm eligibility. We analyzed the recruitment process and compared dementia risk factors and cognitive performance between genders.

Results

As of January 2022, over 2500 individuals expressed interest in the study, with 60.4% being women. However, after further screening, the percentage of women decreased to 52.7%. Preliminary data indicates that women have a lower dementia risk score and fewer years of education compared to men, while men have higher blood pressure. Interestingly, both genders report similar memory issues, but women perform better on cognitive tests.

Conclusion

Women show a greater interest in healthy aging initiatives. Our findings reveal significant differences in dementia risk factors between men and women, likely due to sociocultural influences. Notably, women’s better performance on cognitive tests may lead to their underrepresentation in clinical trials. This emphasizes the need to consider sex and gender in future research and recruitment strategies.

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